Q9
(a) Explain the action of EACH of the following metallurgical mechanism:
(10)
(i) Creep
(ii) Brinelling
(iii) Fretting
(b) State, with reasons, where EACH of the mechanisms in occur in ship propulsion System
(6)
Reference Answer
### Part (a): Explanation of Metallurgical Mechanisms #### (i) Creep **Concept:** Creep is the time-dependent, permanent plastic deformation of a material subjected to a constant stress (or load) at elevated temperatures. This deformation occurs even if the applied stress is well below the material's yield strength at that temperature. It is a thermally activated process, becoming significant at temperatures exceeding approximately 40% of the material's absolute melting point (0.4 T_m).
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