Class 1 (Chief Engineer) Engineering Management 📅 Jan 2023

Exam Question

(a) Briefly discuss Anti fouling convention and state all Documents and records to be maintained on a ship to demonstrate Anti fouling convention compliance.

(b) Discuss various alternatives to tin-based antifouling paints, with specific reference to the following types:

(i) Controlled Depletion Polymer (CDP) paint

(ii) Self-Polishing Copolymer (SPC) paint

(iii) Hybrid TBT free paint

(iv) Fouling Release paint.

Reference Answer

### (a) Anti-fouling Convention and Required Documentation
The International Convention on the Control of Harmful Anti-fouling Systems on Ships (AFS Convention) was adopted by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) on 5 October 2001. Its primary objective is to protect the marine environment from the toxic effects of anti-fouling systems.
**Key Provisions and Discussion:**
* **Targeted Substances:** The convention initially focused on prohibiting the use of organotin compounds, particularly Tributyltin (TBT), which served as a biocide in anti-fouling paints. TBT was found to be extremely harmful to non-target marine life, causing severe environmental damage such as imposex (sex changes) in whelks and shell deformities in oysters.

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