Class 1 (Chief Engineer) Engineering Management 📅 Dec 2025

Exam Question

Control of disease vectors is necessary for maintenance of health on board ships. What is the Role of the WHO organisation in this regard and which are the national agencies tasked with the maintenance of the ship and the crew in good health? What are the different certificates issued to a vessel for maintenance of the ship in good health? Who can issue these certificates in India and what is the validity and extension options?

Reference Answer

### Role of the World Health Organization (WHO)
The World Health Organization (WHO) provides the international framework for preventing the spread of diseases via shipping. Its role is central and multifaceted:
1. **International Health Regulations (IHR, 2005)**:
* WHO establishes and maintains the IHR, which is the legally binding global framework for Member States to prevent, protect against, and control the international spread of diseases while avoiding unnecessary interference with international traffic and trade.

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