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Class 2 (2nd Engineer) SC&S 📅 Jan 2019

Exam Question

Describe the effect of the following on the ship's stability;

(a) Ice formation on superstructure

(b) Effect of wind and waves

(c) Changes that takes place during the ships voyage

(d) Bilging of a compartment

(e) While water is being pumped out from the dry dock

Reference Answer

(a) Ice formation on superstructure:
Ice accumulating on the superstructure adds mass high up on the ship. This raises the centre of gravity (G), decreasing the metacentric height (GM). A lower GM reduces stability, making the ship more tender (more easily rolled) and increasing the period of roll. The ship becomes more susceptible to capsizing.
(b) Effect of Wind and Waves
Wind:

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