Class 1 (Chief Engineer) Engineering Management 📅 Oct 2023

Exam Question

(a) Discuss principles and the steps of root cause analysis. Differentiate between proximate cause and root cause. (8)

(b) Accident causation models often state 'active failures' and 'latent failures. Giving suitable examples discuss these terms. (8)

Reference Answer

### Part (a): Root Cause Analysis (RCA)
#### Principles of Root Cause Analysis
Root Cause Analysis (RCA) is a systematic problem-solving methodology used to identify the fundamental, underlying causes of an incident or failure, rather than merely addressing the immediate symptoms. The core principles ensure a thorough and effective investigation aimed at preventing recurrence.
* **Focus on Correction, Not Blame:** The primary objective is to understand 'why' the system failed, not 'who' made an error. A non-punitive approach encourages open reporting and honest investigation, leading to more effective systemic improvements.

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