Discuss the following with respect to International Safety Management (ISM) Code:
(a) Emergency preparedness, drills & training.
(b) Reporting of near miss, non-conformities, accidents/incidents, and hazardous occurrences.
(c) Risk assessment identification of critical equipment, tests, and minimum spares requirement
Reference Answer
### (a) Emergency Preparedness, Drills & Training This section relates to **ISM Code Element 8: Emergency Preparedness**. The objective is for the Company to establish procedures to identify, describe, and respond to potential emergency shipboard situations to ensure safety and prevent pollution. **1. Emergency Preparedness:** * **Identification of Emergencies:** The Safety Management System (SMS) must identify all potential emergency scenarios based on the ship type, cargo, and trading area. These include, but are not limited to: Fire, Collision, Grounding, Flooding/Damage Stability, Man Overboard, Main Engine/Power Failure (Blackout), Steering Gear Failure, Oil/Chemical Spill (Pollution), Enclosed Space Entry Rescue, Piracy/Security Threats, and Heavy Weather Damage.
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