Exam Question

(a) Discuss the key provisions of the Hazardous and Noxious Substances (HNS) Convention, including its objectives and scope (10)

(b) Discuss the type of Hazardous and Noxious Substances covered by the convention and their potential impact on marine ecosystem and compensation mechanism established by the HNS Convention for incidents involving the transportation of Hazardous and Noxious Substances by sea (10)