Class 1 (Chief Engineer) Engineering Management 📅 Dec 2023

Exam Question

(a) Discuss the salient features of Goal-based ship construction standards (GBS) for bulk carriers and oil tankers, emphasizing their impact on ship design, construction, and operational safety. (8)

(b) Discuss the implementation process of Goal-Based Standards, considering the involvement of various stakeholders such as ship designers, shipbuilders, and classification societies. (8)

Reference Answer

### (a) Salient Features of Goal-Based Standards (GBS) and Their Impact
**1. Introduction to Goal-Based Standards (GBS)**
Goal-Based Standards, as adopted by the IMO under SOLAS Chapter II-1, Part A-1, represent a paradigm shift from purely prescriptive regulations to a framework where the desired safety outcomes (goals) are specified, allowing for greater flexibility and innovation in achieving them. These standards apply to new oil tankers and bulk carriers of 150m in length and above. The core philosophy is that ships must be designed and constructed for a specified design life to be safe and environmentally friendly, both in intact and specified damage conditions, when properly operated and maintained.
**2. The Five-Tier Structure of GBS**

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