Class 1 (Chief Engineer) Engineering Management 📅 Mar 2024

Exam Question

Guidelines on Maritime Cyber Risk Management are laid down in MSC. FAL. 1/Circ.3, considering these guidelines elaborate following:

(a) Name all the on-board systems which are prone to cyber risks due to vulnerabilities created by accessing, interconnecting, or networking of such systems (4)

(b) Explain the Elements of Cyber risk management (4)

(d) Differentiate between IT and OT system with suitable examples (4)

Reference Answer

As per the guidelines laid down in MSC. FAL.1/Circ.3, the following provides a detailed elaboration on maritime cyber risk management.
### (a) On-board Systems Prone to Cyber Risks
On-board systems are increasingly interconnected and reliant on digital technology, making them vulnerable to cyber threats. The systems most prone to risks due to vulnerabilities in access, interconnection, or networking are categorized as follows:
1. **Bridge and Navigation Systems:** These are critical for the safe navigation of the vessel. A compromise could lead to catastrophic events such as collisions or grounding.

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