Class 1 (Chief Engineer) Engineering Management 📅 Dec 2025

Exam Question

How does Indian Administration conduct inquiries and investigations into shipboard casualties on foreign ships visiting its ports.

(a) Elaborate with the mention of relevant international codes and relevant sections of the M.S.Act.

(b) Define marine casualty.

(c) What does the Marine Safety Investigation report consist of and how it is related to the IMO by the member state responsible for conducting this investigation.

Reference Answer

The Indian Administration, represented by the Directorate General of Shipping (DGS), conducts inquiries and investigations into shipboard casualties with the primary objective of determining the cause to prevent future incidents, rather than assigning blame or liability. The process is governed by both national legislation and international conventions.
### (a) Inquiry and Investigation Procedure on Foreign Ships
When a casualty involving a foreign ship occurs within Indian jurisdiction (ports or territorial waters), India acts as the **Coastal State** and may also be a **Substantially Interested State**. The investigation is conducted in accordance with the IMO Casualty Investigation Code and the Indian Merchant Shipping Act, 1958.
#### 1. International Framework

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