Class 4 (4th Engineer) SC&S 📅 Jun 2024

Exam Question

A virtual rise in the center of gravity of a ship may be caused by (16)

(a) Filling a partially filled tank

(b) Using an onboard crane to lift a freely swinging heavy object

(d) Transferring pipe from the setback area to the pipe rack

Briefly Justify your Answer

Reference Answer

The correct answer is **(c) Emptying a partially filled tank**.
**Justification:**
1. **Definition of Virtual Rise in Center of Gravity (KG):**
* A "virtual rise in the center of gravity" of a ship is primarily caused by the **Free Surface Effect (FSE)**. This is not an actual physical shift of the ship's overall center of gravity (G), but rather an *effective* reduction in the ship's metacentric height (GM) or righting lever (GZ) due to the movement of liquid within partially filled tanks.

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