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Class 4 (4th Engineer) MEKM 📅 Mar 2026

Exam Question

(a) How power is calculated from Indicator diagrams.? (6) 

(b) How does Indicator diagram show early fuel injection?

What are effects of too early injection? (5) 

(c) What are indications of late Injection on indicator diagram of the unit?

What are bad effects of late injection of fuel on the units? (5) 

Exam question diagram

Reference Answer

### (a) Power Calculation from Indicator Diagrams (6 Marks)
The indicator diagram is a Pressure-Volume (P-V) plot representing the work done within an engine cylinder over one complete cycle. The Indicated Power (IP) is the theoretical power developed within the cylinder, and it is calculated using the Mean Indicated Pressure (MIP) derived from this diagram.
**Procedure for Calculating Indicated Power:**
1. **Obtain the Diagram**: An indicator diagram is taken for the specific cylinder using a mechanical indicator instrument (e.g., a Dobbie-McInnes indicator).

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