Class 4 (4th Engineer) SC&S 📅 Dec 2025

Exam Question

(a) Define Centre of Flotation. What happens to the draught and trim of a ship if a small mass is added to the ship at the Centre of Flotation? (6)

(b) A ship of displacement 10010 tonnes has KM 6.7m and GM 0.76m. A mass of 10 tonnes having KG 7.6m is shifted transversely. The deflection of a pendulum of length 7.6m is 0.125m. Find the distance through which the mass is shifted. Also find the position of the new centre of gravity above the keel due to the removal of the same mass. (10)

Reference Answer

### Part (a): Centre of Flotation and Effect of Adding Mass
**(i) Definition of Centre of Flotation (CF or F)**
The Centre of Flotation (CF) is the geometric centre or centroid of the ship's waterplane area at any given draught. It is the point about which the ship trims and heels.
Key characteristics are:

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