Class 4 (4th Engineer) MET 📅 Mar 2023

Exam Question

(a) Describe a simple single phase transformer (6)

(b) A 15 kVA, 440/110 volt, 50 cycle/sec, single-phase transformer has primary and secondary resistance of 0.12 ohm and 0.0077 ohm respectively. The iron loss of the transformer is 0.16 kW. Calculate the efficiency of the transformer

(i) on full load unity power factor

(ii) on 80 percent full load at a power factor of 0.9 lagging. (10)

Reference Answer

### (a) Description of a Simple Single Phase Transformer
**1. Principle of Operation**
A transformer is a static electrical device that transfers electrical energy from one circuit to another through the principle of **mutual electromagnetic induction**.
- When an alternating voltage is applied to the primary winding, it creates a time-varying magnetic flux within the core.

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