Class 4 (4th Engineer) MET 📅 Dec 2024

Exam Question

(a) Describe an alkaline battery cell, listing the materials used in its manufacture. (6)

(b) With reference to alkaline batteries used on ships, state each of the following (10)

(i) Significance of the relative density reading of the electrolyte;

(ii) When the electrolyte would normally be renewed;

(iii) Reasons why the voltage reading of this type of battery is not necessarily indicative of its condition;

(iv) The normal temperature range and safe temperature limit of battery;

(v) Effects of high and low temperature.

Reference Answer

### (a) Description of an Alkaline Battery Cell and its Materials
An alkaline battery cell is an electrochemical device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy through redox reactions within an alkaline electrolyte, typically potassium hydroxide (KOH). Unlike lead-acid batteries, the electrolyte in an alkaline cell is not directly consumed or produced during the charge and discharge cycles; it primarily serves as an ion conductor. This characteristic contributes to their stable voltage output and robust performance.
**Electrochemical Principle (e.g., Nickel-Cadmium (Ni-Cd) cell):**
* **During Discharge:**

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