Class 4 (4th Engineer) SC&S 📅 Apr 2023

Exam Question

(a) Explain why the draught of a ship decreases when it passes from tresh water to seawater and vice versa. (6)

(b) A ship travels 2000 nautical miles at 16 knots and returns with the same displacement at 14 knots. Find the saving in fuel on the return voyage if the consumption per day at 16 knots is 28 tonne. (10)

Reference Answer

### (a) Draught Variation with Water Density
#### Fundamental Principle
The change in a ship's draught when moving between waters of different densities is governed by Archimedes' Principle. This principle states that a floating body displaces a weight of fluid equal to its own weight. The ship's total weight, known as its displacement (Δ), remains constant.
The relationship can be expressed by the formula:

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