Exam Question

### (a) Sources of Marine Pollution from Ships
Ships contribute to marine pollution through various operational and accidental discharges. These sources are regulated under the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL).
1. **Oil Pollution (MARPOL Annex I)**: This is one of the most significant pollutants. Sources include:
* **Operational Discharges**: Machinery space bilge water containing oil from leaks, maintenance, and operations. This water must be treated through an Oily Water Separator (OWS) and oil content monitoring equipment to ensure the discharge contains less than 15 ppm of oil.