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Class 4 (4th Engineer) SSEP 📅 Mar 2024

Exam Question

(a) How do ships contribute to marine pollution? Name a few potential marine pollution sources (10)

(b) What is the impact of shipping operations on the environment? (5)

(c) How can shipping pollution be reduced? Name some of the measures initiated by the IMO in that direction. (5)

Reference Answer

### (a) Contribution of Ships to Marine Pollution and Potential Sources
Ships contribute to marine pollution through both operational discharges and accidental spills. The International Maritime Organization (IMO) regulates these sources through various conventions, primarily MARPOL 73/78. Ten potential sources of marine pollution from ships are:
1. **Oil Pollution (MARPOL Annex I)**: This is one of the most significant pollutants. Sources include:
* Operational discharges of oily bilge water from machinery spaces.

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