Class 4 (4th Engineer) MEKG 📅 Dec 2023

Exam Question

(a) Sketch and describe the modern purification system using 'ALCAP' concept for purifying fuel with specific gravity about 0.991. (8)

(b) Explain how 'ALCAP' separater operates as clarifier & how is the water drained off? (5)

Reference Answer

### (a) ALCAP Purification System for High-Density Fuel
The ALCAP (Alfa Laval Clarifier and Purifier) system is a modern solution for treating low-grade, high-density heavy fuel oils (HFO) with specific gravities up to 1.01 g/cm³ at 15°C. For fuels like the one specified (SG 0.991), the density difference between fuel and water is negligible, rendering traditional gravity disc-based purifiers ineffective. The ALCAP system overcomes this by operating as a clarifier with an intelligent, automated system for intermittent water removal.
**System Description and Key Components:**
1. **Centrifugal Separator Bowl:** A high-speed disc-stack type bowl that generates the high G-forces necessary for separation.

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