Class 4 (4th Engineer) MEKG 📅 Sep 2025

Exam Question

(a) Sketch and describe the modern purification system using 'ALCAP' concept for purifying fuel with specific gravity about 0.991. (8)

(b) Explain how 'ALCAP' separater operates as clarifier & how is the water drained (5)

Reference Answer

### (a) ALCAP Purification System: Sketch and Description
**Concept:**
The ALCAP (Alfa Laval Clarifier and Purifier) system is a specialized fuel oil purification technology designed for modern Very Low Sulphur Fuel Oils (VLSFO) and Heavy Fuel Oils (HFO) with high specific gravity, often exceeding 0.991 at 15°C. In such fuels, the density difference between fuel and water is minimal, rendering traditional gravity disc-based purifiers ineffective and unreliable. The ALCAP system overcomes this by operating primarily as a clarifier without a gravity disc, and uses an electronic control system to intelligently manage water removal.
**System Description & Operation:**

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