Class 4 (4th Engineer) MET 📅 Dec 2024

Exam Question

(a) What is a zener diode? (6)

(b) Find the generated e.m.f./conductor of a 6-pole d.c generator having a magnetic flux/pole of 64mWb and a speed of 1000 rev/min. If there are 468 conductors, connected in six parallel circuits, calculate the total generated e.m.f. of the machine. Find also the total power developed by the armature when the current in each conductor is 50A. (10)

Reference Answer

### (a) Zener Diode
A Zener diode is a specially designed P-N junction semiconductor device engineered to reliably operate in the reverse breakdown region without damage. Unlike a conventional diode which blocks current in reverse bias, a Zener diode is constructed with specific doping concentrations to exhibit a sharp and controlled breakdown at a predetermined reverse voltage, known as the Zener voltage ($$V_Z$$).
**1. Construction and Principle of Operation:**
* **Heavily Doped Junction**: Zener diodes are formed from a heavily doped P-N junction. The heavy doping results in a very narrow depletion region.

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