Exam Question

### (a) GMDSS: Definition, Applicability, Implementation, and Rationale
#### Definition
The **Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS)** is an internationally agreed-upon set of safety procedures, equipment types, and communication protocols designed to enhance safety and make it easier to rescue distressed ships, boats, and aircraft. It is a fundamental shift from the previous ship-to-ship distress system (based on Morse code on 500 kHz) to a ship-to-shore system, leveraging both satellite and terrestrial radio systems. Its primary function is to automate and improve emergency communications for all vessels at sea.
The core concept of GMDSS is that search and rescue authorities ashore, as well as shipping in the immediate vicinity of a ship in distress, will be rapidly alerted to a distress incident so they can assist in a coordinated Search and Rescue (SAR) operation with the minimum of delay.