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Class 4 (4th Engineer) MEKG 📅 Jun 2023

Exam Question

Reverse osmosis is the contemporary alternative for shipboard production of drinking water.

(a) Describe using simple diagrams where necessary, the principle of

(i) Osmosis (3)

(ii) Reverse osmosis (3)

(b) (i) Sketch a line diagram showing a 'single pass system' for producing fresh water from seawater. (4)

(ii) Describe such a system. (4)

(iii) State the safety features that may be incorporated into the plant. (2)

Exam question diagram

Reference Answer

### (a) Principle of Osmosis and Reverse Osmosis
#### (i) Osmosis (3 Marks)
Osmosis is a naturally occurring physical process involving the movement of a solvent across a semi-permeable membrane. For a full-mark answer, the following points must be detailed:
* **Definition**: Osmosis is the net movement of solvent molecules (e.g., pure water) from a region of higher solvent potential (lower solute concentration) to a region of lower solvent potential (higher solute concentration).

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