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Class 4 (4th Engineer) MEKG 📅 Jan 2023

Exam Question

With reference to electric arc welding:

(a) Draw a labeled sectional sketch of a satisfactory butt weld. (6)

(b) Briefly define the following defects that may occur and how they may have been caused

(i) Undercut (1)

(ii) Splatter (1)

(iii) Inclusion (1)

(iv) Blow hole (1)

(v) Incomplete root penetration (1)

(vi) Lack of fusion (1)

(c) Why is alternating current generally more popular than direct current for metal arc welding? (4)

Exam question diagram

Reference Answer

### (a) Labeled Sectional Sketch of a Satisfactory Butt Weld
A satisfactory butt weld demonstrates complete fusion between the parent metals and the filler metal, with proper penetration to the root of the joint and a correct profile. The sketch should clearly illustrate the distinct zones created during the welding process.
**Key features to be labeled:**
* **Parent Metal:** The original base material being joined.

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