Class 4 (4th Engineer) MEKG 📅 Aug 2022

Exam Question

With reference to electric arc welding:

(a) Draw a labeled sectional sketch of a satisfactory butt weld. (5)

(b) Briefly define the following defects that may occur and how they may have been caused

(i) Under cut (1)

(ii) Splatter (1)

(iii) Inclusion (1)

(iv) Blow hole (1)

(v) Incomplete root penetration (1)

(vi) Lack of fusion (1)

(b) Why is alternating current generally more popular than direct current for metal arc welding? (5)

Reference Answer

### (a) Labeled Sectional Sketch of a Satisfactory Butt Weld
A satisfactory single 'V' butt weld, when viewed in cross-section, demonstrates complete fusion between the parent metal and the filler metal, with proper penetration and a correct profile. A surveyor would assess the following key features to deem the weld satisfactory:
* **Parent Metal**: The original base material being joined.
* **Weld Preparation**: The edges of the parent metal are typically beveled (e.g., a 'V' or 'U' groove) to allow access for the electrode to the root of the joint.

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