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Class 4 (4th Engineer) MEKG 📅 Jun 2023

Exam Question

With reference to electric arc welding:

(a) Draw a labeled sectional sketch of a satisfactory butt weld. (5)

(b) Briefly define the following defects that may occur and how they may have been caused:

(i) Under cut (1)

(ii) Splatter (1)

(ii) Inclusion (1)

(iv) Blow hole (1)

(v) Incomplete root penetration (1)

(vi) Lack of fusion (1)

(c) Why is alternating current generally more popular then direct current for metal arc welding? (5)

Exam question diagram

Reference Answer

### (a) Labeled Sectional Sketch of a Satisfactory Butt Weld
A satisfactory single 'V' butt weld, when viewed in cross-section, demonstrates complete fusion between the parent metals and the filler metal, with proper geometry and no significant defects. The key features are:
* **Parent Metal:** The original metal plates being joined.
* **Weld Metal:** The filler material that has been melted, fused with the parent metal, and solidified to form the joint.

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