Class 4 (4th Engineer) MEKG 📅 Oct 2025

Exam Question

With reference to electric arc welding:

(a) Draw a labeled sectional sketch of a satisfactory butt weld. (6)

(b) Briefly define the following defects that may occur and how they may have been (6)

(i) Under cut

(ii) Splatter

(iii) Inclusion

(iv) Blow hole

(v) Incomplete root penetration

(vi) Lack of fusion

Reference Answer

### (a) Satisfactory Butt Weld
A satisfactory butt weld represents the ideal fusion of two pieces of metal, resulting in a joint that is as strong as, or stronger than, the parent material. A sectional sketch would reveal the following key features:
* **Parent Metal:** The original base material on either side of the joint.
* **Weld Metal:** The fused material, comprising both the filler metal from the electrode and the melted parent metal.

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