Exam Question

(a) State the difference between an audit and survey.
Audit: An audit is a systematic and independent examination of the management system, processes, and records to determine whether they comply with specific requirements (e.g., ISM Code or ISO 9001 standards). It scrutinizes objective evidence to determine the suitability, conformity, and effectiveness of an organization's quality or Safety Management System (SMS). Audits primarily focus on assessing the effectiveness of the SMS and verifying compliance with established procedures.
Survey: A survey is an inspection or examination of the ship, its equipment, and its condition to ensure compliance with safety standards, regulations, and classification requirements. The purpose of a survey is to verify that the ship meets a minimum technical standard complying with current regulations and that daily work is characterized by safe work and a safety culture. Surveys are conducted by classification societies or Recognized Organizations (ROs) to verify that vessels are seaworthy and meet regulatory requirements for safety, pollution prevention, and operational performance.
(b) Action taken by a recognized organization carrying out ISM certification on behalf of the Administration: