Class 1 (Chief Engineer) Engineering Management 📅 Sep 2025

Exam Question

The HNS Convention is expected shortly to come into force. Explain the following in respect of this convention.

(a) List and give examples of substances covered under this convention

(b) Types of pollution and subsequent losses or damages which can come under this convention

(c) Why would an oil products tanker probably require to have certificates under all 3 conventions i.e., CLC, Bunker and HNS.

Reference Answer

### Introduction
The International Convention on Liability and Compensation for Damage in Connection with the Carriage of Hazardous and Noxious Substances by Sea (HNS Convention) establishes a two-tier system for compensation in the event of incidents involving HNS. It aims to provide adequate, prompt, and effective compensation for damage to persons, property, and the environment. The convention is designed to supplement other liability regimes like the CLC and Bunker Conventions.
### (a) Substances Covered Under the HNS Convention
The HNS Convention has a broad scope, covering substances that pose a significant risk due to their inherent properties such as flammability, toxicity, corrosiveness, and reactivity. The substances are categorized as follows:

Full answer on MeoMock — surveyor-grade reference answers for 7,000+ written exam questions.

View plans Browse library

← Browse more questions

Prepare on Android — MeoMock on Google Play