Q8.
With regards to modern diesel engine raising the Life Cycle Value (LCV). describe the importance of following.(16)
a) Low Sac Volume of Fuel Injection Valve
b) Fuel Valve opening Pressure regulation
c) Contamination of combustion Chamber and impact on LCV
d) Contamination of lube oil and impact on LCV.
Reference Answer
### a) Low Sac Volume of Fuel Injection Valve The 'sac volume' (or sack volume) is the small volume of fuel located between the needle valve seat and the nozzle spray holes of a fuel injector. Its size is critical for modern engine efficiency, emissions, and overall Life Cycle Value (LCV). **Importance and Impact on LCV:** 1. **Elimination of Post-Injection Dribble:**
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